The Impact of AI on Jobs

The many promises of AI included automated image segmentation, detection of cancerous lesions, and comparison of images. AI systems will not get tired while performing the same tasks that doctors may get tired and lose accuracy while completing. AI can also help physicians by completing tedious tasks and managing large amounts of data. Depending on the requirements of a job, a worker can either be helped by technology or in competition with it. For example, improvement in robotics can decrease opportunities for employment for workers in manufacturing but in the field of artificial intelligence and cognitive technology, it would increase the demand for workers.

Recent data expresses that when considering its image and predictive analysis, AI might soon prove to be more efficient than radiologists. However, it is likely that AI will not replace the role of general physicians, but rather augment them. This is due to the fact that AI is unable to engage in interactions with patients that are crucial in gaining their trust, and restoring them.


One study that discusses the impact of AI on jobs looks at AI in radiology. Within radiology, CT (Computed Tomography), MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), and PET (Positron Emission Tomography) are all scanning technologies that use artificial intelligence. The author of this study believes that AI systems will soon also be able to perform segmentation of images taken by CT and MRI machines that can help to identify cancerous lesions for analysis and therefore save a great deal of time for radiologists. Cognitive Assistive Robotics is another promising area where AI is applied. These devices are minimally invasive and replace large incisions with a series of smaller quarter inch incisions. Surgeons combine the data from patients' medical records with real-time operating metrics to further improve the outcome of surgery. Another study deals with breast cancer. It suggests that digital mammography is not perfect and only has a sensitivity of around 85%. The other 15% that is not detected is a result of human error- what radiologists are able to identify on scans. False positives are also another issue which lead to anxiety, and unnecessary removal of tissue and biopsies.


These studies all represent the ways in which machine learning is slowly beginning to take over the workforce. Advances with AI do have the ability to increase the productivity of laborers, but they also have the potential to replace the work done by some workers, and transform almost all occupations. As noted by Wassily Leonteif, a 1973 Nobel Prize winner, “Labor will become less and less important… More workers will be replaced by machines.”



References

Ahuja, A. (2019, October 4). The impact of artificial intelligence in medicine on the future role of the physician. Retrieved November 03, 2020, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6779111/

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